![]() While albinism is generally rare, some forms of the condition are extremely rare. Albinism types and causesĪn estimated one in 18,000 to 20,000 people in the U.S. Some can see well enough to drive a car, and those with more severe impairments learn to use the sight they have to perform their everyday activities. That doesn’t stop many people with albinism from leading normal lives. However, many of these issues stem from having abnormally developed retinas and misrouting optic nerves, problems that can’t be fixed with surgery or glasses. It may be possible to correct some albinism-related vision problems with eyeglasses or contacts (at least in part). In some cases, eye-related symptoms can actually lead to a diagnosis of albinism where it may not have been considered previously. Low vision – Best corrected visual acuity of 20/70 or worse Monocular vision – Absence of stereo (or binocular) vision, the ability of the eyes to work together Iris transillumination – Lack of pigment allows light to enter through the iris, not just the pupil Optic nerve misrouting – Signals from the retina to the brain don’t follow the normal paths Nystagmus – Involuntary movement of the eyes (this can lead to abnormal head positioning)įoveal hypoplasia – A retinal disorder that reduces visual acuity Refractive errors (astigmatism, myopia, hyperopia) People with albinism are at higher risk of developing vision issues because their lack of pigment prevented their eyes from developing normally in utero and through infancy. But when only the eyes are affected, the condition is called ocular albinism. Most forms of albinism cause the skin, hair and eyes to be pale or white. Melanin is crucial to the development of the optic nerves, and mild to serious vision problems can result from a lack of this pigment. Albinism is a rare genetic condition that blocks the body’s ability to produce or distribute melanin, the pigment that provides color to the skin, hair and eyes. ![]()
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